The gasification process was started by igniting a coal seam using a pyrotechnic charge. The ignition occurred with low oxygen flow rate (2 Nm 3 /h) supplied into the reactor inlet. After ignition of the coal, the oxygen flow rate was increased to 10 Nm 3 /h. The process initiation was considered complete when the concentration of oxygen in the process gas was below 1%.
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Naphthalene is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and can be used as a precursor to many other complex aromatics. Current industrial processes remove it from coal tar or petroleum during the refining and distillation steps. The process reported here is much greener, albeit on a much smaller scale.
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At the moment, most of the aluminum smelters utilize coal tar pitch as binder in their prebaked carbon anode (and graphitized carbon cathode) production processes. Hence, the prediction of the thermodynamic properties of PAHs present in coal tar pitch aimed at phase behavior description of coal tar pitch during heat treatment will be the main ...
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To trace the behavior of naphthalene in the pyrolysis of coal tar, the pyrolysis of coal tar containing 14Clabeled naphthalene was carried out at 800−950 °C for 40−50 s. It was found that naphthalene has significant pyrolysis reactivity. The distributions of the radioactivities in compounds with 3−5 rings were,, and % at 800, 900, and 950 °C for 50 s, respectively ...
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Odour: Peculiar, naphthalenelike (Singh, Goyal and Kaur, 2015) ... PROCESS DESCRIPTION Coal Tar ... 2019. Coal Tar Production Processes and Potential of PAHs Release into the Environment. [online ...
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Naphthalene has a distinctive, strong odor, which is often described as sweet or tarlike. Its melting point is around 80°C (176°F), and it boils at around 218°C (424°F). Synthesis and Production. Naphthalene is predominantly produced from coal tar, a byproduct of the coal gasification process.
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Most naphthalene is derived from coal tar. From the 1960s until the 1990s, significant amounts of naphthalene were also produced from heavy petroleum fractions during petroleum refining, but today petroleumderived naphthalene represents only a minor component of naphthalene production. Naphthalene is the most abundant single component of coal tar.
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(a) The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called carbonisation. (b) Coal and petroleum are formed from the dead remains of organisms and are known as fossil fuels. (c) The black thick liquid with unpleasant smell is known as coal tar. (d) During the processing of coal to get coke, coal tar and coal gas are also obtained. (e) The process of separating the various ...
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To develop the in situ underground pyrolysis process of tarrich coal more scientifically, the effect of temperature and pressure on the distribution of pyrolysis products should be clarified. This paper selected the typical components in five distillates of light tar, phenol tar, naphthalene tar, washing tar, and anthracene tar as the main reaction products. 32 typical secondary reactions ...
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Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number: CAS (Coal tar creosote); CAS (Wood creosote). Synonyms: Coal tar oil; Brick oil; Heavy oil; Naphthalene oil; Liquid pitch; Wood creosote. Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class: Phenolic Compound. Chemical Formula: A distillate of coal that contains an estimated 162 different compounds.. Estimated makeup is as follows: aliphatic ...
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Introduction. The carbonization of coal to produce metallurgical coke in slottype recovery ovens is the main source of coal tar production, with this coal conversion process constituting the second largest application of coal. Coal tar production is not a primary process target: the main target in the process is the production of metallurgical ...
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The tar production rate is kg/s and is analyzed to contain 85% carbon and 15% hydrogen by weight. The heating value of the tar is 42,000 kJ/kg. The oxygen is produced from air using an oxygenseparation unit that consumes 4000 kJ of energy/kg of the oxygen produced (assume full conversion of char).
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This research presents the first demonstration of substantial microbial degradation and depletion of naphthalene from coal tar, a multicomponent, aromatic, dense nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL). The rates and extents of microbial degradation of naphthalene from coal tar and from a twocomponent NAPL simpler in composition than coal tar were evaluated in gently mixed, NAPL−water batch systems ...
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The invention discloses a method for extracting industrial naphthalene from coal tar, and belongs to the field of coal chemical industry. According to the method, coal tar is taken as a raw material; naphthalene is fractionated through a weightremoving column; firstly crude naphthalene is obtained; and then industrial naphthalene is prepared through a crude naphthalene rectifying column.
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% of the naphthalene in the coal tar; % of the naphthalene fraction is lost with the press runoff. 3. The market is limited because of the minimum product range: only liquid naphthalene can be shipped to the customer. (In April 2012, Rostekhnadzor banned the shipment of pressed naphthalene in railroad cars for lack of mechanization.
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The naphthalene content in the commercial product derived from coal tar by the proposed method is wt %. The yield of naphthalene is wt %. The energy consumption in the basic threecolumn system is Gcal/t of commercial naphthalene (of purity wt %). If heat is recycled in the threecolumn system, the energy consumption is ...
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Coal tar is a byproduct of coal that is released from various processes of the coal gas and coking process. It is semiliquid in nature with a density of to g/cm 3 and has a foul smell [].. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of organic compounds that are lifethreatening because of their chemical structures, that consist of benzene rings bonded in a linear and ...
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sumer products. Coal tars are used primarily for the production of refined chemicals and coaltar products, such as creosote, coaltar pitch, and crude naphthalene and anthracene oils from the distillation of crude coal tar. Coal tar has been used as a fuel in openhearth furnaces and blast furnaces in the steel industry, as a binder and filler in
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Coal Tar. L. Roberts, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), 2014 Background (Significance/History) Coal tar is a complex hydrocarbon mixture produced by thermal destruction (pyrolysis) of coal, typically a dark viscous liquid or semisolid with a smoky or naphthenic odor. The composition of coal tar will be influenced by the process used for pyrolytic distillation as well as by the ...
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An online condensation system was designed to separate coal tar during cooling process. ... The typical contents of most common specialties in different fractions for coal tar are Light oil, Phenol oil, Naphthalene oil, washing oil, anthracene oil. ... The production yield of total tar was about %, %, % and % for 500, 600, 700 ...
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The Follansbee Tar Plant is involved in coal tar/petroleum (tar and decant oil) refining and naphthalene production. The facility produces pavement sealer bases, refined tars, distillates (coal tar and petroleum), coal tar solvent, various grades of coal tar/petroleum pitch, and refined chemical oil (RCO).
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Report No. COAL TAR CHEMICALS JAMES J. L. MA December 1976 A private report by the a PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA
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naphthalene oil. NPCs. normalphase columns. OBSG. octyl bonded silica gel. OCAs. ... while the latter is a byproduct from coal coking process [1]. The output of coal tar accounts for 35% of coals in the furnace [2]. ... Li YC, Xin WL, Huang MG, et al. Industrial production technology of coal series needle coke. CN A, ...
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Naphthalene is the most simple, commonly found, and most watersoluble PAHs in the environment. It is produced from coal tar fraction by crystallization and distillation. It is often used as dispersants in natural and synthetic rubbers, in the production of naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizers for concrete, in paints, tanning agents in the leather industry, in the production of the ...
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A material supplier from Belgium would like to produce limestone powder for his custome...
India is rich in various mineral resources and it is an important mineral processing market
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